Effects of ozone depletion for humans and the environment. Less dramatic, still significant, depletion of ozone levels has been recorded around the globe. Ozone depletion also explains much of the observed reduction in stratospheric and upper tropospheric temperatures. One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received at the surface of the earth and the effect of this on human health and on the environment. Ozone layer depletion leads to decrease in ozone in the stratosphere and increase in ozone present in the lower atmosphere. Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc. There are many situations where human activities have. Ozone layer depletion increases the amount of uvb that reaches the earths surface. Uncovering the hidden hazard of hairspray a usual morning routine might include a spritz of hairspray, a spurt of shaving cream, or a spray of deodorant. This is due to the chemical reactions that take place primarily on the surface of polar stratospheric clouds, ice particles or liquid droplets which form at high altitudes in extreme cold. Ozone layer depletion causes increased uv radiation levels at the earths surface, which is damaging to human health. Through that agreement and its subsequent amendments and adjustments, many nations of the world have carried out policies to.
Stratospheric ozone depletion and uv radiation the main consequence of ozone depletion is increased uv radiation reaching the earths surface. Downloads scientific assessment of ozone depletion 2018. One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received. This timeline highlights the average area of the ozone hole between september 7th and october th as observed by nasa spacedbased instruments see colored bars and scale. These radiations can cause severe diseases in humans such as skin cancer, eye damage and genetic mutations etc 9. Ozone gas is perceptibly blue in colour and has a characteristic pungent smell. Ozone depleting chemicals odc excise tax audit techniques guide. Ozone in the stratospherea layer of the atmosphere between 15. Mar 28, 2020 ozone depletion results in an increase of uvb radiation, but the shorter the wavelength, the stronger the increase within the uvb range. Protecting the ozone layer department of the environment.
Calculations based on relations with total ozone and total irradiance suggest that uv irradiance has increased since the early 1980s by 614% in middle and high latitudes of the northern and southern. The ozone depletion factor reflects the potential ozone depletion that results from one kilogram of a given chemical compared to the ozone depletion that results from one kilogram of cfc11 trichlorofluoromethane. An ongoing international collaboration the most recent wmounep scientific assessment of ozone depletion. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. Presentation on ozone depletion linkedin slideshare.
Oct 27, 2017 the effects of ozone depletion on plants and animals massive amounts of uvb radiation that penetrate our atmosphere do not only affect humans, but also animals and plants. Twenty questions and answers about the ozone layer noaaesrl. Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s. Title vi for stratospheric ozone protection, signed into law. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. There are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion.
Causes, effects and solutions of ozone layer depletion. Much larger decrease in stratospheric ozone is observed around earths polar regions. Ozone depletion publications, references and resources. Although it represents only a tiny fraction of the atmosphere, ozone is crucial for life on earth. Presence of ozone in the lower atmosphere is considered as a pollutant and a greenhouse gas. Environmental studies ozone depletion tutorialspoint. Pdf there are many situations where human activities have significant effects on the environment. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders.
We do these things almost automatically, not really even thinking about it. In addition, uvb has been linked to the development of cataracts, a clouding of the eyes lens. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena. Has the montreal protocol been successful in reducing ozonedepleting substances in the atmosphere. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The main effect of ozone depletion is an increase in uvb rays reaching the earths surface. May 19, 2020 the ozone layer has historically protected the earth from the harmful uv rays, although in recent decades this protection has diminished due to stratospheric ozone depletion. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. The ozone depletion phenomenon the national academies press. The troposphere is the layer where most weather activity.
Nearly 90% of earths ozone is in the stratosphere and referred to as the ozone layer. Aerosols are common, convenient, and harmless, right. Generally, we find thinning or depletion of the ozone layer to the extent of ozone hole creation over the southern pole i. The stratosphere is home to the ozone layer that protects life on earth from intense ultraviolet radiation. Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. It covers the entire planet and protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultravioletb uvb radiation from the sun. The problems and causes associated with ozone depletion arise from human activities. Ozone layer depletion is one of the most serious problems faced by our planet earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation and. Ozone depletion and climate change environment canada. Article pdf available in international journal of environmental science and development 2.
Nox also contributes to the formation of particle pollution. Ozone depletion biology science fair project ideas. Safeguarding earths protective ozone layer became a. The following table is reproduced from irc section 4682b. Some halocarbons ozone depleting substances, or odss deplete the ozone layer, while others greenhouse gases, or ghgs are thought to contribute to global warming. Laboratory and epidemiological studies demonstrate that uvb causes nonmelanoma skin cancer and plays a major role in malignant melanoma development. The chlorofluorocarbon and the halons are potent ozone depletors. Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s. Researchers indicate that many of the effects of ozone depletion on human health tend to apply for animals, too. Ozone depletion is largely a result of manmade substances. In addition, all figures are available for download, in three formats. Effects of ozone depletion ozone depletion is affecting the human health and environment negatively, as it allows the penetration of uv radiations to reach the earth. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions. Yeah, reading compulsion will not singlehandedly create you have any favourite activity.
Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. This allotropic form of oxygen is formed by passing dry oxygen through a salient electric current. Project report on ozone depletion environmental pollution. What are the causes and effects of ozone depletion. Ozone depletion refers to the wearing out or reduction of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. The ozone layer absorbs much of the incoming solar ultraviolet radiation uvr and thus offers substan. Since india already receives high doses of ultraviolet uvb radiation, and is at the threshold go to speak, effects of ozone layer depletion could he far more disastrous in india. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a result of increasing pollution.
One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received at the surface of the earth and. Within the stratosphere, the ozone layer is the portion that contains the highest proportion of. Update on ozonedepleting substances odss and other gases of. Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. The production and emission of chlorofluorocarbons cfcs, is the leading cause of ozone layer depletion. Ozone depletion is affecting the human health and environment negatively, as it allows the penetration of uv radiations to reach the earth.
By doing so a part of the oxygen molecules undergo dissociation and then atomic oxygen gets associated with the oxygen molecule to give 5%10% of the allotropic form of oxygen. There have been several concerns about ozone depletion. Ozone in the lower atmosphere contributes to global warming and climate change. There is a steady decline of about 4% in the total volume of ozone in earths stratosphere. Mar 01, 2017 ozone depletion is primarily caused by human activities. Jan 07, 2016 ozone hole ozone depletion at south pole polar vortex and ozone depletion are two distinct but related phenomena. Ozone is a colourless gas which is found in the stratosphere of our upper atmosphere. It is also one of the prime reasons which are leading to global warming. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. Ozone depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. Following is the list of some of the main ozone depleting substances and the sources from where they are released. The layer of ozone gas is what which protects us from the.
The regional transport of ozone 1998 pdf, 4 pp, 249 kb epa brochure describing a rule known as the nox sip call, designed to reduce regional emissions of ozonecontributing nitrogen oxides during the summertime ozone season. Ozone o3 is a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen o, and is mostly found in the strato sphere, where it protects us from the suns harmful ultraviolet. Ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb. Download file pdf ozone depletion solutions ozone depletion solutions. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a. Why has an ozone hole appeared over antarctica when ozonedepleting substances are present throughout the stratosphere. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Pdf on jan 1, 2001, md safiuddin and others published global ozone depletion. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. Ozone depleting substances are those substances which deplete the ozone layer. With less ozone in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation strikes earth, causing more skin cancer, eye damage, and possible harm to crops. These chemicals are found in cleaning agents, aerosols, insulating foam, and refrigerants. Progress report 2003 united nations environment programme, environmental e. A combination of low temperatures, elevated chlorine, and bromine concentrations in the upper stratosphere are responsible for the destruction of ozone.
Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion that are. The ozone layer thus plays an important role by preventing the harmful uv radiations from penetrating into the earths lower atmosphere the troposphere. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Health and environmental effects of ozone layer depletion.
All of the assessment documents core assessment report, executive summary, and twenty questions and answers about the ozone layer. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. Ozone depletion and global warming overview page 1 of 5 halocarbons are chemical compounds containing carbon, one or more halogens, and sometimes hydrogen. Ozone depletion facts and information national geographic. The question is often asked why the world moved so quickly in dealing with ozone layer depletion, yet has moved so slowly in addressing the equally critical problem of climate change. Ozone is a triatomic form of oxygen o 3, found in the earths atmosphere. An international agreement known as the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was reached in 1987. It was first identified in 1970s due to the advent of supersonic aircraft, which fly in the lower stratosphere and emit nitrogen oxides.